How to Transmit 300 Rpm to 6000 Rpm Using Gears
Gear Reduction. A familiar term to many, merely what does it actually mean?
On the surface, it may seem that gears are being "reduced" in quantity or size, which is partially true. When a rotary auto such as an engine or electric motor needs the output speed reduced and/or torque increased, gears are commonly used to accomplish the desired result. Gear "reduction" specifically refers to the speed of the rotary car; the rotational speed of the rotary motorcar is "reduced" by dividing it past a gear ratio greater than i:1. A gear ratio greater than 1:1 is accomplished when a smaller gear (reduced size) with fewer number of teeth meshes and drives a larger gear with greater number of teeth.
Gear reduction has the reverse effect on torque. The rotary automobile's output torque is increased past multiplying the torque by the gear ratio, less some efficiency losses.
While in many applications gear reduction reduces speed and increases torque, in other applications gear reduction is used to increase speed and reduce torque. Generators in wind turbines use gear reduction in this manner to convert a relatively deadening turbine blade speed to a high speed capable of generating electricity. These applications use gearboxes that are assembled opposite of those in applications that reduce speed and increase torque.
How is gear reduction accomplished? Many reducer types are capable of attaining gear reduction including, but non limited to, parallel shaft, planetary and right-angle worm gearboxes. In parallel shaft gearboxes (or reducers), a pinion gear with a certain number of teeth meshes and drives a larger gear with a greater number of teeth. The "reduction" or gear ratio is calculated by dividing the number of teeth on the big gear by the number of teeth on the small gear. For example, if an electric motor drives a 13-tooth pinion gear that meshes with a 65-molar gear, a reduction of v:one is achieved (65 / 13 = 5). If the electrical motor speed is 3,450 rpm, the gearbox reduces this speed past five times to 690 rpm. If the motor torque is 10 lb-in, the gearbox increases this torque past a factor of five to 50 lb-in (before subtracting out gearbox efficiency losses).
Parallel shaft gearboxes many times incorporate multiple gear sets thereby increasing the gear reduction. The total gear reduction (ratio) is adamant by multiplying each individual gear ratio from each gear set stage. If a gearbox contains 3:one, 4:1 and five:1 gear sets, the total ratio is 60:one (3 x four 10 5 = 60). In our example above, the 3,450 rpm electric motor would have its speed reduced to 57.five rpm past using a threescore:1 gearbox. The 10 lb-in electrical motor torque would be increased to 600 lb-in (before efficiency losses).
If a pinion gear and its mating gear take the same number of teeth, no reduction occurs and the gear ratio is one:1. The gear is chosen an idler and its main office is to modify the direction of rotation rather than decrease the speed or increment the torque.
Calculating the gear ratio in a planetary gear reducer is less intuitive equally it is dependent on the number of teeth of the sun and ring gears. The planet gears human activity as idlers and do not affect the gear ratio. The planetary gear ratio equals the sum of the number of teeth on the dominicus and ring gear divided by the number of teeth on the sun gear. For example, a planetary set with a 12-tooth sun gear and 72-tooth ring gear has a gear ratio of 7:1 ([12 + 72]/12 = 7). Planetary gear sets tin can achieve ratios from about iii:ane to about xi:1. If more gear reduction is needed, additional planetary stages tin can be used.
The gear reduction in a right-angle worm drive is dependent on the number of threads or "starts" on the worm and the number of teeth on the mating worm wheel. If the worm has two starts and the mating worm wheel has 50 teeth, the resulting gear ratio is 25:one (50 / ii = 25).
When a rotary motorcar such equally an engine or electrical motor cannot provide the desired output speed or torque, a gear reducer may provide a good solution. Parallel shaft, planetary, right-bending worm drives are common gearbox types for achieving gear reduction. Contact Groschopp today with all your gear reduction questions.
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